Guadalajara's ti was over, and a new organization was erging. The attribute that enabled Guzman to stand out was not only his intelligence and shrewdness, but also his clear thought process.
His drug smuggling thod was different from others. He didn't go by sea, but overland.
Many people understood that although sea drug trafficking was highly profitable, it also carried significant risks. If intercepted, an entire ship's cargo could be lost instantly.
The drugs produced in xico, without tight packaging, would be impossible to salvage if thrown into the sea. In effect, it would an throwing the entire ship's cargo into the water.
During the war on drugs, the CIA and the U.S. Navy took advantage of this very fact, intercepting smugglers' ships and disposing of all the drugs at sea, regardless of whether the people onboard were killed.
After several such incidents, even a large organization like Guadalajara couldn't bear the losses, which led to its collapse, partly due to economic reasons.
Guzman, on the other hand, abandoned sea transportation and opted for land transportation. However, land customs were not to be trifled with either. Human-smuggling wasn't efficient when it ca to larger shipnts, and bribing customs officials required a large amount of funds, making it unprofitable.
The new thod Guzman found was digging tunnels.
Of course, in the distant East, this wasn't considered a fresh idea, but in the South Arican continent, smuggling drugs through underground tunnels was indeed a novelty.
Guzman dug an underground tunnel in Santiago to massively transport drugs into Arica, a fact that has been substantiated. Additionally, when he was arrested, his escape thod followed the sa strategy: his drug-smuggling team dug a tunnel straight to the prison to rescue him.
This literal mole was a huge problem for the US governnt at one point. The tunnel thod required large initial spending and yielded slow returns, but once completed, it was extrely difficult to combat.
Of course, in the first half of 1989, the short-statured Guzman had not yet beco dominant and the Santiago tunnel was not yet finished. However, in every country whose primary industry is agriculture, root cellars are indispensable storage facilities. The wisdom of farrs should not be underestimated; even tunnel warfare originated from this.
Actually, Oliver hadn't anticipated that the movent he developed would progress so smoothly. At first, he was at a loss, acting primarily from a sense of guilt and wanting to compensate the farrs who had been hard by the Quin Group's drug trafficking business.
At the beginning, his Spanish was very rusty and he had to mix English with sign language for communication. Fortunately, Oliver was very clever and learned the language quickly. He only needed to master the most critical phrases and then communicate them to the farrs he acquainted with.
But to his surprise, the farrs of Sinaloa State were enraged. The mont Oliver first uttered "violence is the only way," it was as if long-suppressed emotions had erupted. With constant cursing in Spanish, they all decided to join the movent.
Later, Oliver understood that their response was related to the recent policies of the xican Governnt and the local situation.
Previously, xico had capital controls, aning that foreign capital could not easily enter xico. But in 1989, the sa year, the xican Governnt abolished capital controls, leading to an influx of foreign investnt into the country, including many short-term speculative investnts.
Anyone with basic economic knowledge would know that foreign investnt helps to cover current account deficits and also raises the value of a country's currency. But once the currency value rises, the competitiveness of the xican export goods would weaken.
As a result of the influx of foreign capital, the xican Governnt severely underestimated the risk of a current account deficit, leading to a bigger deficit, which required more foreign capital, and consequently weakened the competitiveness of export goods.
Once the current account deficit reaches a certain ratio of the gross dostic product, it triggers a terrifying market crash. History proved this right; in 1994, the xican economic crisis swept the globe.
Once capital controls were lifted, the first to be hit was the local agricultural sector, the backbone of the economy. When foreign capital entered the country, besides investing in existing industries, the first demand was for land, which the farrs relied upon.
On top of that, the xican Governnt lacked the capacity to regulate all foreign investnt. The first farr whom Oliver t had his land sold without his knowledge and the factory that was set up there was rely a shell, never starting operations, nor providing any jobs. So, he and his wife were left unemployed.
He found the sa situation in other places, with landless farrs everywhere. Even those with formal jobs faced a similar situation. The local enterprises had no space to survive, and foreign enterprises did not provide them with better jobs.
Oliver discovered that although these people hadn't studied theory, they had gleaned one truth from their ordeal: in such circumstances, violence was the only way.
And the theories that Oliver brought, along with his remarkable intelligence, supplented the final elent they lacked. Therefore, the vigorous movent of xican farrs and workers began.
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