Lin Lan no longer dwelled on who would co out to sign the docunt. Surely soone was taking on private tasks due to friendship. Regarding such matters, Lin Lan chose to turn a blind eye.
In the field of scientific research, so doctoral students with good family economics would spend money to outsource experints, and so even outsourced their papers. Those with poorer economic conditions had to conduct experints themselves. Laboratory resources were limited, and it was difficult for them to get access most of the ti. Therefore, they relied on personal connections to help each other share equipnt.
"For topics like those of Doctor Lu and Dr. Zhang, I just reviewed the materials and made a rough judgnt of two situations. First, the diseased X chromoso of the second generation ca from the female of the first generation, which is a normal situation. Second, the diseased X chromoso of the second generation ca from the male of the first generation. The male’s own X and Y chromosos underwent genetic recombination. Due to recombination, the pathogenic gene transferred from the Y chromoso to the X chromoso. The recombination resulted in the overlapping rate of the genes on this X chromoso with the male’s X chromoso being too low, leading to the determination that this X chromoso did not co from the male of the first generation. This possibility is very rare, but it theoretically exists."
"Genes on the Y chromoso are highly enclosed, and under normal circumstances, recombination is impossible. However, heredity is not absolutely stable, so there is such a possibility. Heredity and variation always coexist. The combination of the conservative nature of inheritance and the innovative nature of variation leads to the continuous evolution of humans. Although there are risks in evolution, generally speaking, it’s a risk to the individual but a benefit to humanity as a whole."
"I suggest conducting another test to compare the diseased X gene of the second generation with gene fragnts on the X and Y chromosos of the first-generation male. If it can be determined that so gene fragnts on the diseased X chromoso of the second generation ca from the Y chromoso while others ca from the X chromoso, then surely the X and Y chromosos of the first-generation male underwent a rare recombination. As for why, I don’t know. We haven’t researched this aspect."
"Our genetic testing determines the source of chromosos by performing a comparative test on gene fragnts on the chromoso. This standard takes into account recombination of non-homologous, non-allelic genes but doesn’t consider recombination between the Y and X chromosos because this situation is extrely rare."
"This is like our blood test, where the setting of so reference values is only based on statistical coverage, which can only cover 95% of people. Once a test index is abnormal, we naturally assu there’s an issue with the patient. But if we want to investigate the abnormality itself, we need to understand the logic behind the test standards."
After Lin Lan finished speaking, Yang Ping said to Little Five and Zhang Lin, "Did you hear that?"
Little Five and Zhang Lin both nodded. Yang Ping said to them, "Professor Lin is busy. If you have any questions, ask quickly so as not to take up too much of Professor Lin’s ti."
Lin Lan smiled and said, "It’s all right, I’m not very busy today. You can ask whatever you like, and I’ll share all the knowledge I know with you."
Afterward, Little Five and Zhang Lin asked many questions. Regardless of whether others might ridicule them, they asked about anything they didn’t understand in genetics. Lin Lan patiently answered their questions and provided clear and accessible explanations no matter how simple the questions were.
"Could soone sign the report? Next ti, if you help a friend for free, register for the machine in advance." Lin Lan handed the materials to Dr. Wen, instructing her to have the person hiding to co sign it.
"Professor Yang, when we do projects and everything is going smoothly, there are no issues. But when the project is not going well, and the interim results deviate completely from predictions, sotis we can’t grasp the direction of the project. In such cases, we go step by step, lacking a rigorous scientific process to follow. Recently, my ntor ntioned they plan to develop a software model, using a specialized model akin to artificial intelligence to guide experints, whether to declare failure or continue. If continuing, decide whether to keep repeating the original plan or adjust the direction. This way, there’s reliable guidance. I didn’t expect you’ve already applied such a thod in scientific research." Lin Lan was interested in the probabilistic iterative approach Little Five had just ntioned.
This is not just an unfamiliar term but a frontier scientific concept and thod guiding research, requiring a complete set of mathematical theories to support it.
Many pharmaceutical companies have similar scientific research software because drug developnt involves substantial investnt and very low success rates. These companies attach great importance to research thods. For example, during the developnt of a new drug, if faced with so obstacle making it impossible to proceed, if they stop at this point, all prior investnts would be wasted. But what if success were near? If they continue, what if the new drug cannot be developed or et expected purposes, resulting in wasted effort, ti, and money?
At this point, if decisions are made based on experience to determine the next step, efficiency and the accuracy of guidance would be very low. A software is needed at this mont to complete this task, collecting all existing experintal data, classifying them, and then using probabilistic knowledge to predict its success rate.
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